Part:BBa_K1493603
pLacI + Epsilon Antitoxin (Epsilon-Zeta Toxin-Antitoxin System)
The Epsilon (antitoxin) and Zeta (toxin) were first found on pSM19035, a plasmid originating from Streptococcus pyogenes [1]. The Toxin-Antitoxin (T-A) cassettes in plasmids such as pSM19035 have the biological function to stabilize plasmids, maintaining the plasmid in non-selective conditions. The Zeta toxin converts an essential building block of the bacterial cell wall into a form that prevents normal cell wall growth. Due to the distorted cell wall the bacterial cell becomes prone to hydrostatic pressure, leading to cell lysis with comparable effects to penicillin [2]. Epsilon antitoxin forms a complex with the Zeta toxin disabling the toxins function, with an expected ratio of 1:1 [2]. Zeta toxin has been proven to be bactericidal for gram-positive Bacillus subtillis and bacteriostatic for gram-positive E. coli [1]. Nonetheless, more recent works show that Zeta toxins are also bactericidal for E. coli [4].
The Epsilon antitoxin was amplified and elongated form the pBT286 plasmid, as well as, the Kid toxin. iGEM Wageningen team 2014 achieved successful cloning of Kid (Toxin) in a low copy number plasmid (psB3K3) in combination with the antitoxin in E. coli JM109 strain. If you are interested in the glycerol stock visit the iGEM Wageningen Team 2014 wiki and/or contact us.
Bibliography
1. Zielenkiewicz, U. and P. Cegłowski, The toxin-antitoxin system of the streptococcal plasmid pSM19035. Journal of bacteriology, 2005. 187(17): p. 6094-6105.
2. Mutschler, H., et al., A novel mechanism of programmed cell death in bacteria by toxin–antitoxin systems corrupts peptidoglycan synthesis. PLoS biology, 2011. 9(3): p. e1001033.
Sequence and Features
- 10COMPATIBLE WITH RFC[10]
- 12COMPATIBLE WITH RFC[12]
- 21COMPATIBLE WITH RFC[21]
- 23COMPATIBLE WITH RFC[23]
- 25COMPATIBLE WITH RFC[25]
- 1000COMPATIBLE WITH RFC[1000]
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